作为一位出色的导游人员，很有必要精心设计一份导游词，导游词是导游员同游客交流思想，向游客传播文化知识的`讲解词。我们应该怎么写导游词呢？下面是的小编为您带来的英语导游词【精选6篇】，希望能够帮助到大家。
Dear friends, now our tourist bus is going to Shaoshan, the hometown of Chairman Mao, the great leader of the Chinese people, where the red sun rises!
Nowadays, we are all talking about the Chinese dream. What is the Chinese dream? The Chinese dream is the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation and the dream of generations of Chinese people. We have never been so close and confident to this grand goal as we are today. You know, today's situation is not easy. Who is the earliest pioneer of this glorious road? Mao Zedong! Mao Zedong is the first person to realize the Chinese dream.
A great man must have something great. He began to read outlaws of the marsh when he was a child, hiding the light of the window (for fear that his father would find him), until the evening of September 8, 1976, only eight hours before he died, and he was still reading the last document of his life. Throughout his life, Mao Zedong kept his promise and fought for the independence and strength of the country and nation. Now, we should evaluate Mao Zedong in this way. He is the hero of the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation and the hero of which the whole nation is proud!
xx once said this with deep feeling. He said: there are two historical periods before and after the reform and opening up when our party leads the people in socialist construction. These two periods are interrelated and have significant differences. But in essence, they are both practical explorations of our party leading the people in socialist construction. The two are connected with each other. xx's words highly affirm the great historical achievements of revolutionaries in Mao Zedong's period. We are very moved by this remark. As an American scholar said, without the foundation laid in Mao Zedong's era, we could not find an object for reform.
Mao Zedong, as a child who went out from the ordinary peasant family, built the largest party, the largest army and the largest country in the world empty handed in 20xx years, realizing the complete independence of the nation and the basic unity of the country. Chairman Mao said one of the loudest words, as we all know, that is "the Chinese people have stood up since then.". In fact, Chairman Mao also said a more wonderful sentence: "the Chinese people not only stand up, but also organize themselves. It's not easy for the Chinese people to be provoked. It's not easy to be upset.". That is to say, the Chinese people are organized, not just standing up.
When Mao Zedong was 17 years old, in order to go out of his hometown and realize his ambition of saving the country and the people, he wrote a poem to his father, expressing his lofty ambition: if the child is determined to go out of the country, he will swear not to return if he can't become famous, why should he bury his bones, and there are green hills everywhere in his life. Looking back on Mao Zedong's life, there is basically no personal life, and he has been committed to serving the people wholeheartedly. It is precisely because of his wise leadership and selfless dedication that he has left our country an infinite treasure.
In military affairs, the super weak won the super strong, and thoroughly played out the prestige of the Chinese people. The reason why Premier Zhou Enlai was highly respected at the Bandung meeting is that those Asian and African countries especially admire China, because even the number one imperialist country, the United States, has been defeated by us.
What is left for us in agriculture? We may as well think about it. If there is no land reform and equal rights, there will be no great liberation of productive forces; if there is no cooperation, there will be no large-scale farmland construction and large-scale water conservancy construction. Since then, the development of agriculture is definitely not the result of the policy of dividing land into households and the responsibility system of contract with output.
In industry, not to mention, Mao Zedong left behind a complete industrial system. Only with the solid foundation of yesterday can we talk about today's great achievements.
Hello, everyone! Welcome to the Anti Japanese mountain scenic spot.
The Anti Japanese mountain, formerly named Ma'anshan, is located at the junction of Jiangsu and Shandong provinces in the west of Ganyu County. It is known as "the first mountain of Anti Japanese in China". From 1941 to 1944, the second brigade of the 115th division of the Eighth Route Army, as well as the vast number of soldiers and civilians in the Binhai military area command, had four times built a monument for the dead martyrs, hence the name of the Anti Japanese mountain.
The Anti Japanese mountain scenic spot covers an area of 20 square metersx There are more than 20 scenic spots, covering an area of more than 360 mu. The main landscape is anti Japanese mountain martyrs cemetery, which is built along the mountain. It is divided into eight slope sections and 363 steps. It is composed of Anti Japanese martyrs memorial tower, memorial hall, monument, stele Gallery, National defense Park, bonsai garden, assembly square, saddle stone, landscape pavilion, Shengui spring and other scenic spots. The Anti Japanese mountain martyrs' cemetery is the earliest and largest in China, named after "Anti Japanese". It was built in the most difficult years of the Anti Japanese war by the soldiers and civilians in the coastal area while fighting, which is unique in the country; In the cemetery, there are tombstones of domestic revolutionary martyrs and monuments of international friends; in the memorial hall, there are not only displays of the deeds of the Anti Japanese generals of the Communist Party of China, but also introductions of the heroic Anti Japanese deeds of the patriotic generals of the Kuomintang.
Since 1982, the scenic spot has been rated as "national key martyr memorial building protection unit", "national youth education base", "national patriotism education demonstration base", etc. it has also been listed as "Jiangsu Shandong Anhui red tourism scenic spot" by the National Tourism Administration, one of the 12 red tourism scenic spots in China, 30 "red tourism boutique routes" and 20 "red tourism boutique routes" in Chinax It was rated as a national AAAA scenic spot by the National Tourism Administration in, and became an important red tourist attraction in Northern Jiangsu and southern Shandong.
Now we come to the first slope of the cemetery, the assembly square. After the founding of the people's Republic of China, the party and the government renovated and expanded the scenic spots for many times, only 20 yearsx 20 years to 20 yearsx We will increase investment by 20% in one yearx The gate, water park, quqiao pavilions, assembly square, stele Gallery, management building and two parking lots of the scenic area have been built, the revolutionary martyrs' tombs, martyrs' Memorial Hall and memorial hall have been rebuilt, water, electricity, communication, audio and other supporting facilities have been completed, and the green area has been increased by nearly 100000 square meters, which further improves the tourist environment and tourist reception conditions of the scenic area. Today's Anti Japanese mountain scenic spot is surrounded by pavilions and towers, steles, evergreen pines and cypresses, and towering flowers and trees. It is a scenic spot with unique charm, which takes the Anti Japanese martyrs cemetery as the main body, leisure tourism as the connotation, and integrates cultural landscape, natural landscape, revolutionary traditional education, tourism and leisure. It is surrounded by mountains and rivers, dense vegetation, beautiful scenery and unique scenery More than 500000 tourists from all over the country have come to visit and become a famous red tourist attraction. A magnificent picture of "human landscape on the mountain, green trees and orchards on the hillside, entertainment and leisure at the foot of the mountain" is slowly unfolding to the world.
The Anti Japanese martyrs cemetery was built in July 1941. The first memorial building, the Anti Japanese martyrs memorial tower, was completed in July 1942. At present, there are 751 martyrs' tombs in the cemetery area, where the loyal bones of more than 800 martyrs are buried, and the heroic names of 3576 martyrs are engraved on the tower steles. Every year during the Qingming Festival, hundreds of thousands of people from northern Jiangsu, southern Shandong and other places come to the cemetery to pay homage to the martyrs and pay homage to their loyal souls. Some large-scale gatherings and commemorative activities are held in this square.
The gallery in front of us has a total length of 60 meters, a building area of more than 1300 square meters, a building height of 13 meters, and more than 200 steles. The contents engraved on the stele come from two aspects: one is the words and poems written by leaders at all levels and people from all walks of life for the cemetery since its establishment; the other is the words and poems written by leaders of the state, province and city for the 60th anniversary of its establishment.
In front of us is the tomb of the martyrs of the xiaoshadong naval battle. On both sides are the inscriptions of Chen Yi and Chen Shigui - "great spirit forever" and "heroic spirit forever". On the back is the article in memory of the martyrs of the xiaoshadong naval battle written by the Political Department of the Binhai military region at that time.
In March 1943, a total of 51 cadres and soldiers of the new fourth corps and above went to Yan'an to study. When they passed through the Yellow Sea of xiaoshadong in Ganyu County, they encountered Japanese patrol boats. As a result, a soul stirring naval battle took place between wooden boats and iron boats. The officers and men of the New Fourth Army beat back the enemy's attacks again and again with hand grenades and shell rifles. They persisted from early morning to dusk. In this battle, Peng Xiong, chief of staff of the third division of the New Fourth Army, Tian Shouyao, commander of the eighth brigade, and other 16 cadres died in honor of their country, including Chen Luolian, wife of general Tian Shouyao, and Zhang Ming, wife of General Zhang chiming. After Peng Xiong and other comrades died, the 115th division of the Eighth Route Army and the third division of the New Fourth Army held solemn Memorial meetings respectively. The bodies of the martyrs are buried here.
Here is a brief introduction to the biographies of Peng Xiong and Tian Shouyao. Peng Xiong, born in 1915 in Yongxin County, Jiangxi Province, took part in the revolution at the age of 14. He has successively served as platoon commander, company commander, battalion commander, regimental commander and division chief of staff. On March 17, 1943, he died at the age of 29 in the battle of xiaoshadong.
Born in 1915 in Lu'an County, Anhui Province, Comrade Tian Shouyao took part in the revolution at the age of 14. He served successively as monitor, platoon leader, political instructor, battalion commander, regimental political commissar, regimental commander and brigade commander. On March 17, 1943, he died at the age of 29 in the battle of xiaoshadong.
In order to build the tomb, more than 50 soldiers worked hard for 10 days, carrying 2.5 million jin of earth, with an average of 5000 Jin per person per day. With guns in one hand and pickaxes in the other, they created a great miracle in the history of the Anti Japanese war behind the enemy lines, and were praised by the masses as "mountain tigers on the back".
The two monuments in front of us are erected in memory of international friends Hans EBER and Kim yebo. The monument of Comrade Hans EBER was erected in 1944. On the back of the monument, Luo Ronghuan, Xiao Hua and Li Yu wrote a joint inscription: "to fight against the Japanese invaders, to fight against the bloody Yimeng." He is a German, born in Poland and a journalist. He came to China twice in his life, the first time in 1925-1920 Later, he left angrily because of the "April 12" coup. After the September 18th Incident in 1931, an unprecedented upsurge of resistance against Japan was set off in China. The deeply inspired Comrade EBER and his wife, Ms. Qiudi, came to China again. Using pen as a weapon, he mercilessly exposed the aggressive nature of Japanese imperialism and attacked the international compromise policy. He went to the New Fourth Army in Central China and Shandong Anti Japanese base to interview and introduce China to the people of the world The heroic struggle of the Chinese people has aroused great sympathy and praise from peace loving people in the world. It has been received many timesx Interview with leading comrades such as Zhou Enlai and Liu Shaoqi. In November 1941, when visiting Daqing Mountain in Shandong Province, comrade EBER was killed by the enemy. He was only 44 years old. He was hailed as the first European to fight fascism and die in the uniform of the Eighth Route Army.
the exhibition of inscribed bamboo tablets of wu kingdom of the three kingdoms at changsha ladies and gentlemen,
welcome to changsha museum. well be here to visit “the exhibition of inscribed bamboo tablets of wu kingdom of the three kingdoms at changsha and the years of unearthed most valuable cultural relics”。 i hope my explanation can satisfy you!
now, we are in the first exhibition hall. here, it adopts panoramic technique, and restores the site of unearthing bamboo tablets of wu kingdom. in 1996, during july to november, in the southeast of wu yi square, team up with ping he tang department. the exhumations were carried on by changsha relics work teams. they unearth 61 archaic wells during the
warring states period and the ming and qing dynasty, and found out 3000 kinds of relics, like copper, iron bamboo, wood, ceramics, and so on. to people’s astonishment, in the no.22 archaic well, they found lots of bamboo tablets and wooden
slips. after confirming, they are the relics of sun wu in three kingdoms 1700 years ago. these patches of relics would replenish the lacked historical materials of three kingdoms exactly. our country once had four discoveries: the oracle bone inscription of yin, bamboo tablets and wooden slips of tunxu in northwest china, cultural books of dunhuang stone room, files of qing cabinet. bamboo tablets of wu kingdom of the three kingdoms at changsha can be mentioned in the same breath with the four discoveries, and become the searching subject of international academia.
everybody! please look at the cross section reconstruction of the no.22 archaic well. its upper part of opening was damaged when it was excavating. this is an irregular circular shape vertical shaft; the bottom has a bag form likely. the opening of the well has a length 3.5 m from south to north, 3.1 m from east to west, and 5.6 m in depth. the opening is covered with pure red brown color clay, 1.5 m deeper of which is the bamboo tablets and wooden slips layer. the bamboo tablets and wooden slips layer is 50 cm thick in center and 20 cm thin on all sides, piled up with slope form. the ropes tied the bamboo tablets and wooden slips have become rotten, but we can see they were buried by bundles at that time. there are more than 10,000 pieces of bamboo tablets and wooden slips by the initial statistics. the second layer is the gray brown clay layer of 3.1 m thick, among them mix up
with lots of bamboo wood scrapes, grass scrapes, leaves, fragmentary bricks, pottery and porcelain and so on. at the bottom of the well is another small well, which has square wooden frame. the four corners are nailed by a stick of spile inlayed with two wooden boards as the well wall. the circle of the well is 93 cm long, 58 cm tall. the function of this small well is probably for gathering the groundwater from all sides of the well, and then put forward to pour out with water pitcher and other tools in order to maintain the well space dry. this is the living photo taken by the time of excavating.
analyzing the structure and relics of the well no.22, it is an ancient well for storing food. the climate of changsha is so hot, wet and rainy that the food is easy to be rot, but the circumstance under the ground of 10 m depth is just like as a modern refrigerator. the archaeological discoveries approved that people had used this storing method from the time of shang dynasty.
you may ask that, why were the bamboo tablets of wu kingdom buried in the well? there are two statements. the first one considered that in the period of three kingdoms, there were so many wars, the suddenly burst-out war made people bury them here in a hurry. the other considered that to bury them in the well may be a way of dealing with the records in the past.
now please look at the photo. this is the photo of unearthing the no.22 well. we can see that the bamboo tablets and wooden slips were soaked in the mud. why can they be kept intact for over 1700 years? one of the important reasons is that the ground water level in changsha was very high, and the bamboo tablets and wooden slips were soaked in the water. besides, they were buried deeply; they can be sealed up wall. with these, they can be kept intact for over 1700 years.
next, let’s visit the second exhibition room. in this room we can get the detailed introduction of the bamboo tablets and wooden slips. before we visit, i have a question to ask. do you know whether the words on the bamboo tablets and wooden slips were written or carved on them? with the question, let’s look at the photo of the pottery figurine. this pottery figurine was unearthed in a western jin tomb in jinpenling in changsha in 1950s. on the left of the photo there is a man handing a wooden slip and reading something, the man on the right who were holding a hair pencil in a hand and a wooden slip in the other was writing something. the pottery figurine shows us the condition of ancients writing on the bamboo tablets and wooden slips. now, we can say, the word on the bamboo tablets and slips were written on them. did you guess it?
to see another set of photos. this is a hair pencil unearthed from one of the tombs of the warring state at zuojiagong mountain of changsha in 1954. its shaft is long and small but easy to be broken. on the side of it there is a bamboo pipe used for containing the pen when it is collected and preserved. this is an ink stone with little ink blocks near it. here also remains a bronze chopping knife which is used for the calligrapher to make inscribed bamboo and wooden slips and correct writing mistakes. this is a set of photos of calligraphy tools discovered in no.168 tomb in jinan city of former capital of chu state. in addition to this, there are 6 pieces of wooden slips without character. this is also the most complete and most typical set of han dynasty’s stationery ever seen up to now. uniting our ancient people calculates the number of the inscribed bamboo tablets and wooden slips are not “slice”， but “jin”。 it is recorded in history that the 1st emperor of qin dynasty did not have a rest until he finished reading over 120 jin of memorial to throne and inscribed bamboo and wooden slips.
please notice the following brief tablet about information of the inscribed bamboo and wooden slips unearthed from all parts of the nation from this century. among this, the column in red character is the number of the inscribed bamboo and wooden slips excavated from changsha this time. the number this time has exceeded the total amount of that unearthed from all parts of the nation these years. therefore, it is named as “the surprising wonder of the world”and “one of the most important archaeological discoveries of this century.”
it is well known that document history in the three kingdom period handed down is very rare.”the annals of three kingdom”by chenshou in xijin has 65 volumes, among which there are 30 volumes of wei book, 15 volumes of shu book, 20 volumes of wu book with total of more than 1 million characters. over the years, the unearthed inscribed bamboo slips and wooden tablets in nationwide archaeology is also rarely seen and only exist tens of pieces in anhui, jiangxi and hubei 。but nowadays in changsha, the total number of the excavation of the inscribed bamboo from wu state in three kingdom period reaches 10 thousand pieces for just one time and the total wordage reaches more than 3 million if counted with 20 words in each piece. these character materials greatly surpass the total wordage in that of the “annals of three kingdom”， which offers abundant material for the study of social economy, political system, inscribed bamboo and volume system, history and geography and also fill the vacancy of historic works. we can forecast that the discovery of inscribed bamboo slips from wu state in changsha will surely influence many aspects of the chinese historic study and anew examining and verifying the past final conclusion.
well, let us have a look at this map. though the series archaeological excavation around the “wuyi square ”by our archaeological workers, we have preliminarily defined the region of the ancient changsha 。it extends northward to “lao zhaobi ”， southward to “pozi street”， eastward to “cai’e road”and westward to “shanghe street”which shaped rectangle. and the center of changsha is today’s “wuyi square, which, we can say, hasn’t changed basically nearly 3000years.
the unearthed inscribed bamboo slips and wooden tablets for this time, if according to their shape, they can be distributed to big and small inscribed bamboo slips, wooden tablets and so on; if according to their use, they can be distributed to five kinds:
the first kind is document. it can be subdivided into two parts. one is the land rent document with 0.5m long, 2.5cm wide and 100 to 200 chinese characters on. the other is the official document which recorded the distribution and exchanging of money, crops, and goods among different governmental setups. please look at this smaller slice. it is a classified label. it shows us a monthly report recorded by two officials named huang wei and pan lv in the first year of jia he period.
second, about judicature, which recorded some detail contents and economic cases, such as the trying, appealing and reexamining? what’s on this wooden tablet is an individual case about a du you. du you is a kind of government official. he was sentenced to death for his corruptness of salt, but he was not convinced and appealed to a high court. however, the reexamining did not make the judge change. so he had nothing to do but accept.
the third kind is directory, somewhat like the household and registered books today. let’s look at this slice. here the chinese character “rong li”was a name of some place in changsha. this whole sentence means there is a man named he qin, 55 years old, lived in rong li. his dukedom is gong cheng. and here "suan yi" means can be counted as one of a taxpayer;" xing liang zu" refers to whose legs had been cut off. the directory served as a registered permanent resident, which put down people’s name, age, position and something we can’t find in our registered permanent resident---physical condition.
the fourth one is calling card. it mainly referred to paying respect, giving gift and administrative affairs, as visiting cards we use today.
the last kind is the wooden tablet on account which recorded the managing account of departments belongs to changsha government.
please look at these historical relics again. this blue and green porcelain in the three kingdoms and tow jin dynasties were discovered in zoumalou ancient well. look, their glazed colors is sparking and crystal-clear, the decorate are simple and element. the second among them is called "chichen-head potting"， the potting is coronal form, guides the neck and proceeded high, and the modeling of it is very beautiful. these potting were very popular in jin dynasty. they were used as pitcher and chalice.
everybody has seen many photos, has listened to so much explanation, now we come to see the original of the bamboo slips, wooden tablets or slips for writing.
now, you see in the pyramid shape exhibition cupboard, it is a bamboo slips and wooden tablets or slips original that explored in zoumalou in the ancient well of the building this time. the bamboo slips and wooden tablets or slips are the material that the ancient remains of our country come down to write. among them the narrow and long bamboo, the wood chips are called "jian"， the generous wood chips called "du"。 you must distinguish one from the other, not wood make are named "du"， what bamboo make named "jian"。 jian has the wooden one, too. ok, the right side of i there set some inscribed wooden tablets, the middle are heavy inscribed wooden slips. in the left, they are bamboo slips that pressed under the transparent glass. the characters on the bamboo slips and wooden tablets or slips are simple and clear. it’s easily can be distinguished. the script is the transition from lishu to regular script.
these kinds of inscribed wooden slips and inscribed wooden tablets are made in shirt woods. the quality of these trees is pre-pressing. it is intact to keep. the raw materials of inscribed bamboo slips is bamboo whose quality is loose, apt and crooked and out of shape, so it in displaying and need press when exhibiting. the ancients have several procedures to make the bamboo slips. first, they cut the bamboo into bamboo slips, and then burnished them in order to make them smooth, these smooth slips called “jian”。 but people could not write on the wet bamboo slips. then, they roasted dry the wet bamboo slips. while roasting, there was some water steaming out. the water looked like sweet, so people called those “sweet qing”or “sha qing”。
the “guo ling ding yang”of wen tianxiang said that “since ancient times, who has no death? remaining sincere heart to finish ‘sweet qing’。
bamboo tablets of wu kingdom of the three kingdoms at changsha has very strong historical value, article value and scientific value, so the provincial leaders, city leaders and related experts decided to set up an exhibition of bamboo tablets and wooden slips.
Hello, everyone.
My name is Lin Zhiwei. I'm your guide. You can call meZhizhi guide. Welcome to Huaguo Mountain.
Next, I'd like to talk about the geographical location of Huaguo Mountain.It is located in Lianyungang, in the middle of China's sea border, and in thenortheast of Jiangsu Province. The area of the scenic spot is 84. 3 squarekilometers, 136 peaks. Among them, Yunv peak in Huaguo Mountain is the highestpeak in Jiangsu Province, with an altitude of 624. Four meters.
Now, please take your belongings with you. Be careful. We are going tovisit. You can see many little monkeys. They are monkey grandchildren of themonkey king! Look, some of them are dazzling, some of them are jumping up anddown. How lovely! You can go to the right to buy food or give them peaches. Youcan't feed them anything else, otherwise they will eat bad. And you can't gettoo close to them, because they are still a little savage!
Now you can see the water curtain cave. The water falls from the cliff andsplashes. It's spectacular! Now you can go through the water curtain cave, butremember to wear a raincoat. Now when we enter the water curtain cave, you cansee the throne that monkey king sat on. You can sit on it and experience it.
Through the water curtain hole, you can see a garden of peach trees,covered with delicious and attractive peaches, you can pick some peaches totaste. Here's free time. Meet here in an hour.
I wish you happy every day. If you come to Huaguo Mountain next time, youcan let me be your guide!
First stop, nandaihe international amusement center.
Where we bought the ticket in Li Yunhao and I can't wait ran to the ferris wheel, soon we got on the ferris wheel in the "box"。 Slowly turn the ferris wheel, our "boxes" are slowly moving up, it took a long time to reach the top, I down a "look"， the following are tiny, I estimate that we at least 60 meters high. Look to the distant sea and sky tightly together, can't tell which is the day which is the sea, the clouds like the fish in the sky. Crowded on the beach, "good people!" I can't help but make such feeling.
"Ah? There is a sliding field!" Li Yunhao said with a loud voice, I looked down he pointed to the direction, there really have a huge sand hill, "ah? There's a mountain over there!" Li Yunhao say of excitement. While speaking, gradually down the ferris wheel. The ferris wheel, we headed for sand pasture.
Ring park ride on the train, can soon to sand pasture. Waited in line for half a day finally got to the top of the hill on the mountain cable car, and then got grass skiing tools with the fastest speed. I sat on the "slide"， both hands hold "skateboard" on both sides, "skateboard" rushed down the hill at breakneck speed, I dare not move, only feeling my before the curtain to rise, to the foot I picked out a "wonderful moment"， prepared to back off, in the photo I stared at my eyes and eke out a tooth, grin. Before the curtain all fly, looks like wearing a big hat.
The second stop, the sea
In nandaihe played all morning, afternoon, we decided to go to the sea to swim. Back to the hotel a helter skelter finally ready for everything, "setting out to sea!" Father commanded, we ran to the sea together.
Alway ran down to the sea stood on the beach looking at the vast sea, the sea breeze blowing on my face, I can't help but YinChu "sea rich by diving, the days fly high as a bird." This is a historic lovers. I put on bathing suits under the water, the water is really cool! Swimming in the sea and there is a big difference in swimming in the pool, the buoyancy of the water particularly big, I'm standing in the water at a 45 degree Angle will not sink.
Play tired, I climbed up a big stone, I sat on it, the wind blowing in the face of the mountain, at this moment I discovered, originally the sea wind is not salty. Play enough, also appreciate enough, we will be happy together back to the hotel.
In qinhuangdao we play so happy these days! Qinhuangdao is a beautiful city!
The Longmen Grottos are on the Yihe River bank, some 12 kilometers from ancient Luoyang city, about 30 minutes' drive. It is one of the three most important Buddhist sculptures and carvings in China. The Longmen Grottos enjoy a good location where two mountains confront each other between which flows the Yihe River.
The grotto was first carved in North Wei Dynasty, over 1500 years ago and expanded through the succeeding East and West Wei Dynasties, North Qi Dynasty, North Zhou Dynasty, Sui and Tang Dynasties and was finally completed in North Song Dynasty. Over 500 years' renovation and expansion have created the prestigious world cultural site. The most significant chiseling activities happened in the Tang and North Wei Dynasties, which lasted over 150 years.
Spanning a length of around 1 kilometer on the hillside along the Yihe River, the niches resemble dozens of honeycombs dotting the area. There are about 2.100 grottoes and niches, over 40 crematory urns, 3,600 inscribed stone tablets and over 100,000 Buddhist images and statues. The largest one is 17 meters high while the smallest is a tiny as 2 cm. One third of the complex are works of the North Wei Dynasty. These masterpieces are the Binyang Cave, and Lianhua（ Lotus Cave）。 The impressive Qianxi Temple, Fengxian Temple, Wanfo Cave（ Ten Thousand Buddhist Cave） are the highlights of the Tang Dynast's carvings. The Longmen Grottos are of great value in world sculpture history and it has been listed in the World Cultural Heritage Site by the UNESCO. To protect such a valuable heritage site, the Chinese government as well as some influential world cultural organizations are trying hard to share this site with the whole word. A large-scaled renovation was undertaken in 20xx to keep the grottos in good condition.